Virginia

State Supreme Court

  • 3 Republicans, 2 Democrats
  • Unclear

Eighth Amendment Cognate

  • VA. CONST. Art. I, § 9 (“That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted…”) (interpreted same as federal constitution).

Implied Cause of Action

  • Implied cause of action for due process, specifically property deprivation and self-executing provisions.
  • Graham v. Mitchell, 529 F. Supp. 622 (E.D. Va. 1982).

PLRA Equivalent

VA. CODE ANN. §§ 8.01-66.9:1. 8.01-195.3 item 7 (Lexis SuPP. 2002).

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